Journal:

Article Title: Humoral Immunity to Commensal Oral Bacteria in Human Infants: Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A Antibodies Reactive with Streptococcus mitis biovar 1, Streptococcus oralis , Streptococcus mutans , and Enterococcus faecalis during the First Two Years of Life

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Concentrations of salivary SIgA1 and SIgA2 from birth to 2 years of age. Results here and in panels B to E are expressed as means ± standard errors of the means. (B to E) Concentrations of SIgA1 and SIgA2 antibodies reactive with S. mitis biovar 1 (B), S. oralis (C), S. mutans (D), and E. faecalis (E) in saliva. The same data are also expressed as nanograms of antibody per microgram of SIgA1 or SIgA2 (normalized).

Article Snippet: S. mitis biovar 1 NCTC 12261, S. oralis ATCC 35037, S. mutans NCTC 10449, and E. faecalis ATCC 19433 were grown to substrate exhaustion in the ultrafiltrate (10,000-molecular-weight cutoff) (Minitan Ultra filtration System; Millipore, Bedford, Mass.) of Todd-Hewitt broth (Difco) containing 1% glucose maintained at pH 7.0 in an atmosphere of 95% N 2 –5% CO 2 at 37°C.

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Humoral Immunity to Commensal Oral Bacteria in Human Infants: Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A Antibodies Reactive with Streptococcus mitis biovar 1, Streptococcus oralis , Streptococcus mutans , and Enterococcus faecalis during the First Two Years of Life

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Assay of SIgA antibodies reactive with S. mitis biovar 1, S. oralis, S. mutans, and E. faecalis in aliquots of saliva from the cohort of 10 infants after adsorption with whole cells of these four species. Antibody in unabsorbed saliva was set to 100%. ELISA was run on wells coated with S. mitis biovar 1 (A), S. oralis (B), S. mutans (C), or E. faecalis (D).

Article Snippet: S. mitis biovar 1 NCTC 12261, S. oralis ATCC 35037, S. mutans NCTC 10449, and E. faecalis ATCC 19433 were grown to substrate exhaustion in the ultrafiltrate (10,000-molecular-weight cutoff) (Minitan Ultra filtration System; Millipore, Bedford, Mass.) of Todd-Hewitt broth (Difco) containing 1% glucose maintained at pH 7.0 in an atmosphere of 95% N 2 –5% CO 2 at 37°C.

Techniques: Adsorption, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal:

Article Title: Humoral Immunity to Commensal Oral Bacteria in Human Infants: Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A Antibodies Reactive with Streptococcus mitis biovar 1, Streptococcus oralis , Streptococcus mutans , and Enterococcus faecalis during the First Two Years of Life

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Western blot of envelope antigens incubated with saliva collected from a single infant at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months (mo.) and probed to detect total SIgA, SIgA1, and SIgA2 antibodies. (A) S. mitis biovar 1; (B) S. oralis; (C) S. mutans; (D) E. faecalis. M.W. Stds., molecular weight standards.

Article Snippet: S. mitis biovar 1 NCTC 12261, S. oralis ATCC 35037, S. mutans NCTC 10449, and E. faecalis ATCC 19433 were grown to substrate exhaustion in the ultrafiltrate (10,000-molecular-weight cutoff) (Minitan Ultra filtration System; Millipore, Bedford, Mass.) of Todd-Hewitt broth (Difco) containing 1% glucose maintained at pH 7.0 in an atmosphere of 95% N 2 –5% CO 2 at 37°C.

Techniques: Western Blot, Incubation, Molecular Weight

Journal:

Article Title: Humoral Immunity to Commensal Oral Bacteria in Human Infants: Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A Antibodies Reactive with Streptococcus mitis biovar 1, Streptococcus oralis , Streptococcus mutans , and Enterococcus faecalis during the First Two Years of Life

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Individual Western blot strips of S. mitis biovar 1, S. oralis, S. mutans, and E. faecalis envelope antigens were incubated with saliva collected from 10 infants (babies 1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 23, 33, 36, and 37) at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months (visits 1, 6, 9, and 12) and probed to detect total SIgA, SIgA1, and SIgA2 antibodies. For each IgA subclass, the percent similarities of the bands recognized by the salivary antibodies both within and among the infants were examined by cluster analysis with Ward’s method (37). Only data for total SIgA antibodies are shown. The data are displayed as dendrograms. (A) Anti-S. mitis biovar 1 total SIgA antibodies; (B) anti-S. oralis total SIgA antibodies; (C) anti-S. mutans total SIgA antibodies; (D) anti-E. faecalis total SIgA antibodies.

Article Snippet: S. mitis biovar 1 NCTC 12261, S. oralis ATCC 35037, S. mutans NCTC 10449, and E. faecalis ATCC 19433 were grown to substrate exhaustion in the ultrafiltrate (10,000-molecular-weight cutoff) (Minitan Ultra filtration System; Millipore, Bedford, Mass.) of Todd-Hewitt broth (Difco) containing 1% glucose maintained at pH 7.0 in an atmosphere of 95% N 2 –5% CO 2 at 37°C.

Techniques: Western Blot, Incubation

Journal:

Article Title: Surface Glycans of Candida albicans and Other Pathogenic Fungi: Physiological Roles, Clinical Uses, and Experimental Challenges

doi: 10.1128/CMR.17.2.281-310.2004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Coaggregation of C. albicans with other members of the microflora

Article Snippet: These results suggest that carbohydrates on the yeast cell surface are involved in interactions between C. albicans and F. nucleatum or A. viscosus but not oral streptococci (e.g., Streptococcus mutans , S. mitis , and S. salivarius ). table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 3. caption a7 Bacterial species Strain Coaggregate Periodate (10 mg ml −1 ) Inhibition by d : Reference(s) d -Man α-MM d -Glc α-MG d -GlcN l -Fuc A. viscosus ATCC 15987 Y (4 of 7) a /Y Y N N N N N N 11 , 117 B. gingivalis CS213 Y (3 of 7) a N N Y N N N 117 B. intermedius NCTC 9336 N 11 E. faecalis JH2-2 10% b 133 E. coli ATCC 25922 N 117 NCTC 10418 Y 11 F. nucleatum ATCC 49256 Y Y 121 NGB 15-73 Y Y 11 VPI 10197 Y Y Y N N N N 117 L. acidophilus ATCC 521 N 117 L. amylovorus JH05 Y Y Y Y Y N N 117 JH06 Y Y Y Y Y N N 117 L. salivarius ATCC 11741 Y (2 of 7) a N N N Y N N 117 S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 Y (2 of 7) a N N N N N N 117 S. anginosus ATCC 27335 69% b 133 NCTC 10709 <10% b 133 NCTC 10713 58% (CA2) b 133 S. gordonii ATCC 10558 54% b 133 DL1 (Challis) 81% b 133 S. mitis JH05 Y (4 of 7) a N N N Y N N 133 NCTC 10712 Y N 11 S. mutans ATCC 1600 N 117 ATCC 25175 12% b 133 NCTC 10832 Y 11 S. oralis ATCC 10557 58% b 133 S. pyogenes M4 35% b 133 S. salivarius HB 28% (CA2) b 133 ATCC 25975 Y (1 of 7) a N N N N Y N 117 NCTC 8606 Y Y/N 11 S. sanguis ATCC 10556 Y (5 of 7) a N N N N N N 117 ATCC 10557 Y N N N N N N 117 ATCC 10558 Y N 11 ATCC 903 Y (5 of 7) a N N N N N N 117 CN3410 86% b N N N 133 c CR311 80% b 133 FW213 62% (CA2) b N N N 133 c NCTC 7869 90% b 133 PSH1b 75% b 133 Open in a separate window a C. albicans strains tested were JH01, UMCC, JH05, JH06, JH08, JH (blood), and ATCC 18804 (117). b Results reported as percent input cpm bound to C. albicans cells.

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal:

Article Title: Secretion of Functional Salivary Peptide by Streptococcus gordonii Which Inhibits Fimbria-Mediated Adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of synthetic pPRP-C on the coaggregation of P. gingivalis with oral streptococci. Aliquots (0.5 ml) of suspensions of P. gingivalis (A550 = 1.0; 5 × 108 cells) and each strain of oral streptococci (A550 = 0.35; 5 × 108 cells) and various concentrations of pPRP-C were simultaneously mixed to a total volume of 2 ml in a cuvette. The progress of coaggregation was monitored by the measurement of the decrease in A550 at 37°C in a temperature-controlled cuvette compartment with a magnetic stirrer. After the decrease in A550 had been recorded for 7.5 min, the change in A550/min was continuously calculated. The maximum value of the decrease in A550/min is the coaggregation activity. Lines: a (▵), S. mitis ATCC 15909; b (▴), S. mitis ATCC 15912; c (■), S. gordonii G9B; d (○), S. oralis ATCC 9811; e (●), S. oralis ATCC 10557; f (◊), S. downei MFe 28; g (□), S. sanguis ATCC 10556. All assays were performed in triplicate on three separate occasions.

Article Snippet: The synthetic pPRP-C clearly inhibited the coaggregation of P. gingivalis with various streptococcal strains in a dose-dependent manner as shown in Fig. . At a concentration of 133 nmol/ml, coaggregation with S. mitis ATCC 15909 was inhibited by 81%, and coaggregation with other strains was also significantly inhibited; S. mitis ATCC 15912, 73%; S. gordonii G9B, 70%; S. oralis ATCC 9811, 68%; S. oralis ATCC 10557, 60%; S. downei MFe 28, 54%; and S. sanguis ATCC 10556, 44%.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal:

Article Title: Secretion of Functional Salivary Peptide by Streptococcus gordonii Which Inhibits Fimbria-Mediated Adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis

doi:

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of r-pPRP-C on the coaggregation of P. gingivalis with various strains of Streptococcus

Article Snippet: The synthetic pPRP-C clearly inhibited the coaggregation of P. gingivalis with various streptococcal strains in a dose-dependent manner as shown in Fig. . At a concentration of 133 nmol/ml, coaggregation with S. mitis ATCC 15909 was inhibited by 81%, and coaggregation with other strains was also significantly inhibited; S. mitis ATCC 15912, 73%; S. gordonii G9B, 70%; S. oralis ATCC 9811, 68%; S. oralis ATCC 10557, 60%; S. downei MFe 28, 54%; and S. sanguis ATCC 10556, 44%.

Techniques: Recombinant